An Overview of Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico, officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, is a self-governing Caribbean archipelago and an unincorporated territory of the United States. Located approximately 1,000 miles southeast of Miami, Florida, it is nestled between the Dominican Republic and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The island boasts a rich tapestry of culture and history, with around 3.2 million residents living across 78 municipalities, the most populous being its capital, San Juan.
A Glimpse into Its Historic Past
The history of Puerto Rico is a fascinating journey that began with the settlement of Amerindian peoples thousands of years ago. It was claimed by Spain in 1493 after Christopher Columbus’s arrival, leading to centuries of Spanish colonial rule. The cultural landscape experienced significant changes due to the influx of Spanish settlers from the Canary Islands and Andalusia, as well as African slaves. By the late 19th century, a unique Puerto Rican identity emerged, celebrating the diverse European, African, and indigenous influences.
Modern-Day Puerto Rico
After becoming a U.S. territory in 1898 following the Spanish-American War, Puerto Ricans gained U.S. citizenship in 1917. Despite this, they cannot vote in federal elections and do not pay federal income tax. The island’s political status continues to be a topic of debate. Economically, Puerto Rico has evolved into a high-income economy, with major sectors including manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and tourism. The rich history and vibrant culture remain at the heart of Puerto Rico’s identity, which is affectionately known as ‘La Isla del Encanto’ or ‘The Island of Enchantment.’
